The use of drones has become a significant aspect of the ongoing war between Russia and Ukraine, complementing conventional weaponry. Drones are increasingly being utilized on the battlefield due to their improved speed, durability, and capabilities. They can travel for long distances, remain airborne for extended periods, and even reach high altitudes. Various types of drones are in use, including the Turkish Bayraktar TB2, American Switchblade 300 and 600, and Iranian Shahed 136. These drones serve multiple purposes, such as identifying enemy positions, designating targets for bombing, and adapting to changing situations after failed attacks.
Drones are seen as a crucial element in modern warfare, representing a revolution in military technology and tactics. They have become more accessible due to advancements in stabilised optics systems, night vision capabilities, and reduced costs. Both Russia and Ukraine have incorporated drones into their strategies, with Ukraine initially facing a shortage but subsequently developing its own drone capabilities. Russia, facing technological challenges due to sanctions, has turned to Iranian and Israeli models.
Despite the increasing use of drones, their current destructive capacity might not be sufficient to cause significant strategic damage. Drones are compared to aviation in World War I, evolving from a novelty to a potent weapon. Ukraine is actively seeking drone donations through its United24 website, aiming to enhance reconnaissance capabilities along its extensive front line. The exact number of drones in use remains disputed, with estimations varying between sources. Russia is also making significant drone acquisitions, including a recent contract for 2,000 units.
Various countries are involved in supplying drones to Ukraine and Russia, indirectly affecting the conflict. Drones with artificial intelligence are emerging, moving toward more autonomous control with less human intervention. Advances in drone technology have geopolitical implications, as tech companies like SpaceX become players in global conflicts. The integration of drones and their evolving capabilities continue to shape the course of the war between Russia and Ukraine.