

สรุปเนื้อหา กฎหมายในการปฏิบัติงาน สำหรับตำแหน่งผู้อำนวยการสถานศึกษา (เล่ม 2) ผู้แต่ง ธีรภัทร วงษ์สว่าง เป็นเอกสารประกอบการบรรยาย (เนื้อหาสรุป) อ่านเข้าใจง่าย สรุปประเด็นที่มีแนวโน้มจะออกข้อสอบ ราคา 450 บาท(ฟรีค่าส่ง) โทร. 082-7743664, 062-7363664
สรุปเนื้อหา กฎหมายในการปฏิบัติงาน สำหรับตำแหน่งผู้อำนวยการสถานศึกษา (เล่ม 2) ผู้แต่ง ธีรภัทร วงษ์สว่าง เป็นเอกสารประกอบการบรรยาย (เนื้อหาสรุป) อ่านเข้าใจง่าย สรุปประเด็นที่มีแนวโน้มจะออกข้อสอบ ราคา 450 บาท(ฟรีค่าส่ง) โทร. 082-7743664, 062-7363664
หนังสือประกอบการบรรยาย “การบริหารงานในหน้าที่(เล่ม 1)” ตำแหน่งผู้บริหารสถานศึกษา สังกัดสำนักงานคณะกรรมการการศึกษาขั้นพื้นฐาน กระทรวงศึกษาธิการ ผู้แต่ง ธีรภัทร วงษ์สว่าง จำหน่ายราคาเล่มละ 450 บาท (ฟรีค่าจัดส่ง) โทร.082-7743664,062-7363664
In a groundbreaking medical achievement, doctors have successfully performed the first-ever transplant of a genetically modified pig kidney into a living human. The historic surgery, conducted at Massachusetts General Hospital, marks a significant leap forward in the field of transplantation and offers hope to thousands awaiting life-saving organ donations.
The recipient, Rick Slayman, a 62-year-old manager with the Massachusetts Department of Transportation, underwent the four-hour surgery on Saturday. Slayman, who had been battling end-stage kidney disease, is reported to be recovering well and is expected to be discharged from the hospital soon.
The transplant hailed as a milestone by medical experts, utilized a pig kidney that had been genetically modified to be more compatible with human recipients. Dr. Tatsuo Kawai, the surgeon who performed the operation, described the moment the pig organ was connected to Slayman’s blood vessels, stating that it immediately began functioning, producing urine, and turning pink, prompting applause from the surgical team.
This breakthrough comes after decades of research and collaboration, with scientists working tirelessly to overcome the challenges of xenotransplantation – the transplantation of animal organs into humans. Previous attempts at pig organ transplants had faced significant hurdles, including rejection by the human immune system. However, advancements in genetic engineering, the development of specialized antibodies, and rigorous testing in animal models have paved the way for this successful procedure.
Dr. Leonardo Riella, medical director of kidney transplantation at Mass General, expressed hope that pig organ transplants could eventually render dialysis obsolete, offering a more permanent solution to patients like Slayman who are in desperate need of organ replacements.
The success of this procedure opens new possibilities for addressing the critical shortage of organ donors worldwide. Dr. Michael Curtis, CEO of eGenesis, the company behind the genetic modification of the pig kidney, hailed the patient’s courage and generosity as pivotal in enabling this breakthrough in science and transplant medicine.
As medical researchers continue to refine and expand upon these advancements, the hope is that more lives can be saved, and the vision of a future where no patient dies waiting for an organ becomes a reality.
A recent report by Valisure, an independent
laboratory has shed light on concerning levels of benzene, a known carcinogen, found in certain acne treatment products containing benzoyl peroxide. The report indicates that benzene can form at levels deemed “unacceptably high,” surpassing regulatory limits set by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA).
Tests conducted by Valisure revealed that when benzoyl peroxide acne treatments are exposed to high temperatures, such as those reached when left in a hot car, they can generate alarming levels of benzene. In one instance, a ProActiv acne product stored at 158 degrees Fahrenheit for nearly 17 hours yielded benzene levels exceeding safety thresholds.
While products containing other acne-fighting ingredients like salicylic acid or adapalene did not exhibit similar issues, benzoyl peroxide products seem to be particularly susceptible to benzene formation. Benzene exposure mainly occurs through inhalation, according to the American Cancer Society. Despite being a commonly used chemical in various industries, benzene poses significant health risks, including the development of leukemia and other blood disorders.
In response to Valisure’s findings, the FDA has received a citizen petition urging the recall and suspension of sales for products containing benzoyl peroxide. The agency has assured that it will review the petition and respond accordingly, emphasizing the importance of verifying data accuracy before regulatory decisions are made. Last year, the FDA had already alerted drug manufacturers about benzene contamination risks in certain products like hand sanitizers and aerosol drug products. However, this recent revelation regarding acne products underscores the need for continued vigilance in ensuring product safety.
While some brands, like Reckitt Benckiser’s Clearasil, assert the safety of their products when used and stored as directed, Valisure and other companies have been exploring formulations to mitigate benzene formation. Valisure’s co-founder and president, David Light, emphasized the urgency of addressing this issue, highlighting the fundamental instability of benzoyl peroxide products and the significant health implications associated with benzene exposure.
As this news unfolds, consumers are urged to stay informed and cautious when using acne treatment products, particularly those containing benzoyl peroxide.
In the wake of an alarming discovery regarding lead contamination, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has issued an urgent warning to consumers regarding six brands of ground cinnamon. This comes after an investigation that initially focused on tainted cinnamon applesauce pouches in October.
The FDA’s investigation, now expanded, has revealed elevated levels of lead in various ground cinnamon products. These findings indicate a broader concern beyond the previously recalled cinnamon applesauce pouches, which were flavored with cinnamon imported from Ecuador. The agency disclosed on Wednesday that over 460 confirmed and suspected cases of lead poisoning have been linked to the consumption of applesauce pouches sold under certain brands like WanaBana, Schnucks, or Weis, flavored with tainted cinnamon. Most concerning is that many of these cases involve children and are still under investigation.
In response to these alarming findings, the FDA has taken swift action, issuing a letter to all US cinnamon manufacturers, processors, distributors, and facility operators to remind them of their responsibility in preventing contamination. Further testing has led the FDA to recommend recalls of ground cinnamon from six distributors. These brands include La Fiesta, Marcum, MTCI, Swad, Supreme Tradition, and El Chillar. The concentrations of lead found in these products, while lower than those in the cinnamon applesauce pouches, still pose significant health risks. The FDA urges consumers who possess these products to discontinue use immediately and dispose of them safely.
The concentrations of lead in the ground cinnamon products ranged from 2 to 3.4 parts per million, significantly lower than the levels found in the recalled cinnamon applesauce pouches, which ranged from about 2,300 to 5,100 parts per million. It is crucial to note that most individuals exposed to elevated lead levels may not exhibit immediate symptoms. However, the FDA advises anyone who suspects exposure to consult a healthcare provider promptly.
This latest development underscores the importance of rigorous oversight and consumer awareness in safeguarding public health. The FDA continues to monitor the situation closely and urges the public to remain vigilant in their consumption of cinnamon products.
In a dramatic escalation of the conflict in Ukraine, Russia has unleashed a devastating new weapon: the FAB-1500 bomb. This aerial bomb, converted from a basic Soviet-era design, has wreaked havoc on Ukrainian defenses, causing widespread devastation and heavy casualties on the front lines.
The FAB-1500, weighing 1.5 tonnes with nearly half of it composed of high explosives, is delivered by fighter jets from a considerable distance, beyond the reach of many Ukrainian air defenses. Equipped with pop-out wings and a guidance system, this gliding bomb can accurately target specific locations, creating craters fifteen meters wide upon impact. Recent reports from the Donetsk region depict the immense power of these bombs as they strike critical infrastructure such as thermal power plants, factories, and residential buildings, crippling Ukrainian defenses, and coordination efforts. Joseph Trevithick, an expert on military technology, emphasizes the FAB-1500’s significance, stating that it offers Russia a potent stand-off strike capability while minimizing the risk to its pilots from enemy defenses.
Ukrainian soldiers on the front lines express deep concern over the devastating impact of these bombs. One soldier from the 46th Separate Airmobile Brigade describes the psychological toll, stating that the FAB-1500 induces serious injuries and severely tests morale among troops. The use of FAB bombs has become a central tactic in the Russian offensive, particularly in the Avdiivka region, where hundreds of these bombs were deployed within days, according to Ukrainian air force spokesman Yuri Ihnat. Despite the effectiveness of the FAB-1500, experts note its limitations, primarily its suitability for targeting fixed positions rather than mobile or concealed targets. However, in the context of the ongoing conflict in Ukraine, where main Ukrainian positions are well known to Russian forces, these bombs present a formidable threat. While Ukrainian forces have strengthened their air defense capabilities, they remain insufficient to counter the reach and precision of the FAB-1500. Ukrainian officials, including President Volodymyr Zelensky, have urgently appealed for longer-range air defense systems to mitigate the threat posed by Russian airstrikes.
As the conflict intensifies, Ukrainian forces find themselves increasingly vulnerable to relentless Russian air strikes, underscoring the urgent need for international support to bolster Ukraine’s defenses against this deadly new weapon.